Clone Heavy Dirt Karts
A Feature 1: 1. 8-Chase Meredith[1]; 2. 44-Garrett Pick[4]; 3. 53-Carson Haulman[10]; 4. 5B-Matthew Beeman[3]; 5. 51X-Tyler Spradley[12]; 6. 15-Austin Hill[2]; 7. 41-Casen Sinclair[13]; 8. 4-Tara Henderson[5]; 9. 90-Mike Smith[11]; 10. 5-Blayton Massengill[19]; 11. 99-Jeremy Rich[15]; 12. 98-Preston Sparks[8]; 13. 32-Veronica Flynn[16]; 14. 9-Andy Arildsen[7]; 15. 29-Kaden Dowling[6]; 16. 51-Holt Pipkin[17]; 17. 52-Chris Messer[14]; 18. 960-Shawn English[9]; 19. 101-Dustin Snider[18]
Qualifying 1: 1. 8-Chase Meredith, 00:12.559[18]; 2. 15-Austin Hill, 00:12.562[5]; 3. 5B-Matthew Beeman, 00:12.654[2]; 4. 44-Garrett Pick, 00:12.684[7]; 5. 4-Tara Henderson, 00:12.707[17]; 6. 29-Kaden Dowling, 00:12.721[16]; 7. 9-Andy Arildsen, 00:12.734[8]; 8. 98-Preston Sparks, 00:12.734[13]; 9. 960-Shawn English, 00:12.753[3]; 10. 53-Carson Haulman, 00:12.797[14]; 11. 90-Mike Smith, 00:12.842[12]; 12. 51X-Tyler Spradley, 00:12.911[15]; 13. 41-Casen Sinclair, 00:12.915[1]; 14. 52-Chris Messer, 00:12.921[19]; 15. 99-Jeremy Rich, 00:13.046[4]; 16. 32-Veronica Flynn, 00:13.088[11]; 17. 51-Holt Pipkin, 00:13.522[10]; 18. 101-Dustin Snider, 00:13.923[6]; 19. 5-Blayton Massengill, 00:14.252[9]
Adult Medium
A Feature 1: 1. 960-Shawn English[1]; 2. 41-Casen Sinclair[7]; 3. 5B-Matthew Beeman[6]; 4. 44-Garrett Pick[8]; 5. 90-Chase Peacock[3]; 6. 98-Preston Sparks[13]; 7. 3-Steve Rich[5]; 8. 20-Staten Brady[9]; 9. 32-Veronica Flynn[12]; 10. 52-Chris Messer[10]; 11. 53-Carson Haulman[4]; 12. 15-Austin Hill[2]; 13. 51-Tyler Spradley[11]
Qualifying 1: 1. 960-Shawn English, 00:12.710[10]; 2. 15-Austin Hill, 00:12.754[8]; 3. 90-Chase Peacock, 00:12.780[5]; 4. 53-Carson Haulman, 00:12.821[9]; 5. 3-Steve Rich, 00:12.845[12]; 6. 5B-Matthew Beeman, 00:12.869[6]; 7. 41-Casen Sinclair, 00:13.021[7]; 8. 44-Garrett Pick, 00:13.079[2]; 9. 20-Staten Brady, 00:13.147[11]; 10. 52-Chris Messer, 00:13.290[3]; 11. 51-Tyler Spradley, 00:13.356[1]; 12. 32-Veronica Flynn, 00:13.372[13]; 13. 98-Preston Sparks, 00:13.488[4]
Junior 1 Lites Dirt Karts
A Feature 1: 1. 3X-Gage Steiner[3]; 2. 3-Sadie Parsons[2]; 3. 131-Nicholas Newsome[1]; 4. 18M-Mason Anderson[4]; 5. 128-Shelbee Hutto[6]; 6. 118-David Showers III[8]; 7. 116-Breeze Davis[5]; 8. 9-Kamden Jett[7]
Qualifying 1: 1. 131-Nicholas Newsome, 00:13.734[8]; 2. 3-Sadie Parsons, 00:13.839[2]; 3. 3X-Gage Steiner, 00:14.041[7]; 4. 18M-Mason Anderson, 00:14.066[3]; 5. 116-Breeze Davis, 00:14.126[5]; 6. 128-Shelbee Hutto, 00:14.491[4]; 7. 9-Kamden Jett, 00:14.991[1]; 8. (DNS) 118-David Showers III
Junior 1 Medium Dirt Karts
A Feature 1: 1. 3X-Gage Steiner[2]; 2. 3-Sadie Parsons[1]; 3. 128-Shelbee Hutto[6]; 4. 118-David Showers III[5]; 5. 131-Nicholas Newsome[4]; 6. 3B-Breeze Davis[3]; 7. 712-Noah Cordova[7]
Qualifying 1: 1. 3-Sadie Parsons, 00:13.627[2]; 2. 3X-Gage Steiner, 00:13.870[5]; 3. 3B-Breeze Davis, 00:14.039[4]; 4. 131-Nicholas Newsome, 00:14.443[7]; 5. 118-David Showers III, 00:14.549[3]; 6. 128-Shelbee Hutto, 00:14.656[1]; 7. 712-Noah Cordova, 00:15.342[6]
Junior 2 Lites Dirt Karts
A Feature 1 (15 Laps): 1. 19X-Rylann Gray[1]; 2. 09-Bryson Jackson[9]; 3. 12-Mason Glover[5]; 4. 19-Korina Dowling[7]; 5. 29-Tyler Lawrence[2]; 6. 29E-Emily Smith[3]; 7. 1K-Koltyn Chiddister[4]; 8. 15-William Pugh Jr[6]; 9. 81-Oakley Johns[8]; 10. 00-Wyatt Douglas[11]; 11. (DNS) 21-Earl May
Qualifying 1: 1. 19X-Rylann Gray, 00:13.444[4]; 2. 29-Tyler Lawrence, 00:13.445[3]; 3. 29E-Emily Smith, 00:13.496[11]; 4. 1K-Koltyn Chiddister, 00:13.543[1]; 5. 12-Mason Glover, 00:13.631[10]; 6. 15-William Pugh Jr, 00:13.836[9]; 7. 19-Korina Dowling, 00:13.860[7]; 8. 81-Oakley Johns, 00:13.937[5]; 9. 09-Bryson Jackson, 00:14.160[6]; 10. 21-Earl May, 00:14.280[2]; 11. 00-Wyatt Douglas, 00:14.296[8]
Junior 2 Heavy Dirt Karts
A Feature 1: 1. 29E-Emily Smith[2]; 2. 09-Bryson Jackson[8]; 3. 1K-Koltyn Chiddister[6]; 4. 12-Mason Glover[5]; 5. 19-Korina Dowling[3]; 6. 15-William Pugh Jr[9]; 7. 19X-Rylann Gray[4]; 8. 29X-Brooklyn Jackson[11]; 9. 00-Wyatt Douglas[10]; 10. 29-Tyler Lawrence[1]; 11. 21-Earl May[7]
Qualifying 1: 1. 29-Tyler Lawrence, 00:13.152[8]; 2. 29E-Emily Smith, 00:13.180[11]; 3. 19-Korina Dowling, 00:13.238[5]; 4. 19X-Rylann Gray, 00:13.352[10]; 5. 12-Mason Glover, 00:13.373[4]; 6. 1K-Koltyn Chiddister, 00:13.409[9]; 7. 21-Earl May, 00:13.571[7]; 8. 09-Bryson Jackson, 00:13.581[2]; 9. 15-William Pugh Jr, 00:13.815[1]; 10. 00-Wyatt Douglas, 00:14.006[6]; 11. 29X-Brooklyn Jackson, 00:14.298[3]
Junior 3 Lites Dirt Karts
A Feature 1: 1. 40B-Kylar Bronson[2]; 2. 10-Karli Bennett[1]; 3. 33-Jake Nolan[8]; 4. 31-Georgia Posey[6]; 5. 19-Seth Hilimire[4]; 6. 18-Robert Chapman[5]; 7. 822-Andrew Ort[7]; 8. 18X-Colton Jordan[3]
Qualifying 1: 1. 10-Karli Bennett, 00:12.799[8]; 2. 40B-Kylar Bronson, 00:12.941[7]; 3. 18X-Colton Jordan, 00:12.946[3]; 4. 19-Seth Hilimire, 00:13.280[6]; 5. 18-Robert Chapman, 00:13.362[4]; 6. 31-Georgia Posey, 00:13.366[2]; 7. 822-Andrew Ort, 00:13.563[5]; 8. 33-Jake Nolan, 00:13.570[1]
Junior 3 Medium Dirt Karts
A Feature 1: 1. 40B-Kylar Bronson[6]; 2. 33-Jake Nolan[1]; 3. 10-Karli Bennett[4]; 4. 19-Seth Hilimire[5]; 5. 18X-Colton Jordan[3]; 6. 822-Andrew Ort[7]; 7. 18-Robert Chapman; 8. 31-Georgia Posey[2]
Qualifying 1: 1. 33-Jake Nolan, 00:12.741[2]; 2. 31-Georgia Posey, 00:12.851[7]; 3. 18X-Colton Jordan, 00:12.896[4]; 4. 10-Karli Bennett, 00:12.986[1]; 5. 19-Seth Hilimire, 00:13.057[5]; 6. 40B-Kylar Bronson, 00:13.103[6]; 7. 822-Andrew Ort, 00:13.269[3]
Open Dirt Karts
A Feature 1: 1. 03-Chad Cunningham[3]; 2. 90-Mike Smith[5]; 3. 12-Chad Thrift[2]; 4. 22-Luke Nolan[1]; 5. 81-Ryan Rostel sr[6]; 6. 101-Dustin Snider[4]
Qualifying 1: 1. 22-Luke Nolan, 00:13.444[6]; 2. 12-Chad Thrift, 00:13.595[5]; 3. 03-Chad Cunningham, 00:13.664[1]; 4. 101-Dustin Snider, 00:13.924[4]; 5. 90-Mike Smith, 00:14.244[2]; 6. 81-Ryan Rostel sr, 00:16.174[3]
Flat Adult Clone Heavy
A Feature 1: 1. 53-Carson Haulman[2]; 2. 960-Shawn English[5]; 3. 44-Garrett Pick[4]; 4. 4-Tara Henderson[16]; 5. 8-Chase Meredith[3]; 6. 41-Casen Sinclair[6]; 7. 5B-Matthew Beeman[18]; 8. 15-Austin Hill[9]; 9. 20-Staten Brady[11]; 10. 5-Blayton Massengill[20]; 11. 29-Kaden Dowling[1]; 12. 98-Preston Sparks[10]; 13. 22-Luke Nolan[22]; 14. 52-Chris Messer[15]; 15. 51X-Tyler Spradley[12]; 16. 90-Mike Smith[17]; 17. 03-Chad Cunningham[7]; 18. 32-Veronica Flynn[21]; 19. 3-Steve Rich[14]; 20. 51-Holt Pipkin[23]; 21. 99-Jeremy Rich[8]; 22. 101-Dustin Snider[19]; 23. 9-Andy Arildsen[13]
Qualifying 1: 1. 29-Kaden Dowling, 00:12.456[22]; 2. 53-Carson Haulman, 00:12.489[4]; 3. 8-Chase Meredith, 00:12.533[13]; 4. 44-Garrett Pick, 00:12.568[5]; 5. 960-Shawn English, 00:12.587[6]; 6. 41-Casen Sinclair, 00:12.605[19]; 7. 03-Chad Cunningham, 00:12.653[3]; 8. 99-Jeremy Rich, 00:12.698[15]; 9. 15-Austin Hill, 00:12.704[18]; 10. 98-Preston Sparks, 00:12.757[12]; 11. 20-Staten Brady, 00:12.772[17]; 12. 51X-Tyler Spradley, 00:12.822[9]; 13. 9-Andy Arildsen, 00:12.822[8]; 14. 3-Steve Rich, 00:12.828[21]; 15. 52-Chris Messer, 00:12.868[23]; 16. 4-Tara Henderson, 00:12.966[20]; 17. 90-Mike Smith, 00:12.976[14]; 18. 5B-Matthew Beeman, 00:13.008[16]; 19. 101-Dustin Snider, 00:13.060[2]; 20. 5-Blayton Massengill, 00:13.063[10]; 21. 32-Veronica Flynn, 00:13.104[11]; 22. 22-Luke Nolan, 00:13.286[7]; 23. 51-Holt Pipkin, 00:13.426[1]
Clone Medium Dirt Karts
A Feature 1: 1. 53-Carson Haulman[1]; 2. 41-Casen Sinclair[11]; 3. 5B-Matthew Beeman[12]; 4. 15-Austin Hill[2]; 5. 5-Blayton Massengill[10]; 6. 52-Chris Messer[15]; 7. 29-Kaden Dowling[7]; 8. 90X-Mike Smith[6]; 9. 3-Steve Rich[5]; 10. 51-Tyler Spradley[16]; 11. 4-Tara Henderson[9]; 12. 8-Chase Meredith[17]; 13. 20-Staten Brady[14]; 14. 9-Andy Arildsen[18]; 15. 960-Shawn English[3]; 16. 90-Chase Peacock[4]; 17. 98-Preston Sparks[13]; 18. 99-Jeremy Rich[19]; 19. 44-Garrett Pick[8]
Qualifying 1: 1. 53-Carson Haulman, 00:12.600[3]; 2. 15-Austin Hill, 00:12.646[18]; 3. 960-Shawn English, 00:12.666[12]; 4. 90-Chase Peacock, 00:12.687[10]; 5. 3-Steve Rich, 00:12.694[13]; 6. 90X-Mike Smith, 00:12.716[16]; 7. 29-Kaden Dowling, 00:12.732[15]; 8. 44-Garrett Pick, 00:12.798[5]; 9. 4-Tara Henderson, 00:12.799[7]; 10. 5-Blayton Massengill, 00:12.807[4]; 11. 41-Casen Sinclair, 00:12.850[11]; 12. 5B-Matthew Beeman, 00:12.903[17]; 13. 98-Preston Sparks, 00:12.947[8]; 14. 20-Staten Brady, 00:12.958[6]; 15. 52-Chris Messer, 00:13.096[2]; 16. 51-Tyler Spradley, 00:13.153[14]; 17. 8-Chase Meredith, 00:13.238[19]; 18. 9-Andy Arildsen, 00:13.348[1]; 19. 99-Jeremy Rich, 00:14.506[9]
Clone Super Heavy Dirt Karts
A Feature 1: 1. 17-Eric Simpson[6]; 2. 32-Jimmy Flynn[3]; 3. 47-Wesley Rossi[1]; 4. 113-Jeffery Davis[7]; 5. 54-Ronnie Gallups[5]; 6. 11-James Henshaw[4]; 7. 17P-Dustin Parsons[8]; 8. 95-Wesley Lee[2]
Qualifying 1: 1. 47-Wesley Rossi, 00:12.995[2]; 2. 95-Wesley Lee, 00:13.076[3]; 3. 32-Jimmy Flynn, 00:13.107[8]; 4. 11-James Henshaw, 00:13.143[7]; 5. 54-Ronnie Gallups, 00:13.161[6]; 6. 17-Eric Simpson, 00:13.291[1]; 7. 113-Jeffery Davis, 00:13.419[4]; 8. 17P-Dustin Parsons, 00:13.574[5]
Flat Jr. 1 Clone Heavy
A Feature 1: 1. 3-Sadie Parsons[1]; 2. 3X-Gage Steiner[2]; 3. 18M-Mason Anderson[5]; 4. 128-Shelbee Hutto[7]; 5. 118-David Showers III[6]; 6. 131-Nicholas Newsome[3]; 7. 116-Breeze Davis[4]; 8. (DNS) 712-Noah Cordova
Qualifying 1: 1. 3-Sadie Parsons, 00:13.137[8]; 2. 3X-Gage Steiner, 00:13.377[6]; 3. 131-Nicholas Newsome, 00:13.626[7]; 4. 116-Breeze Davis, 00:13.729[3]; 5. 18M-Mason Anderson, 00:13.851[4]; 6. 118-David Showers III, 00:14.516[1]; 7. 128-Shelbee Hutto, 00:14.980[2]; 8. 712-Noah Cordova, 00:14.987[5]
Flat Jr. 2 Clone Heavy
A Feature 1: 1. 29E-Emily Smith[1]; 2. 12-Mason Glover[3]; 3. 1K-Koltyn Chiddister[10]; 4. 29-Tyler Lawrence[2]; 5. 81-Oakley Johns[8]; 6. 00-Wyatt Douglas[9]; 7. 19X-Rylann Gray[5]; 8. 29X-Brooklyn Jackson[12]; 9. 09-Bryson Jackson[6]; 10. 19-Korina Dowling[4]; 11. 21-Earl May[11]; 12. (DNS) 15-William Pugh Jr
Qualifying 1: 1. 29E-Emily Smith, 00:12.702[1]; 2. 29-Tyler Lawrence, 00:12.986[3]; 3. 12-Mason Glover, 00:13.037[5]; 4. 19-Korina Dowling, 00:13.050[4]; 5. 19X-Rylann Gray, 00:13.084[9]; 6. 09-Bryson Jackson, 00:13.125[6]; 7. 15-William Pugh Jr, 00:13.245[8]; 8. 81-Oakley Johns, 00:13.416[10]; 9. 00-Wyatt Douglas, 00:13.699[2]; 10. 1K-Koltyn Chiddister, 00:13.842[7]; 11. 21-Earl May, 00:14.134[12]; 12. 29X-Brooklyn Jackson, 00:14.343[11]
Flat Jr. 3 Clone Heavy
A Feature 1: 1. 40B-Kylar Bronson[7]; 2. 33-Jake Nolan[3]; 3. 10-Karli Bennett[1]; 4. 31-Georgia Posey[4]; 5. 18X-Colton Jordan[2]; 6. 822-Andrew Ort[6]; 7. 19-Seth Hilimire[5]; 8. 18-Robert Chapman[8]
Qualifying 1: 1. 10-Karli Bennett, 00:12.729[5]; 2. 18X-Colton Jordan, 00:12.747[2]; 3. 33-Jake Nolan, 00:12.776[8]; 4. 31-Georgia Posey, 00:12.904[1]; 5. 19-Seth Hilimire, 00:13.188[3]; 6. 822-Andrew Ort, 00:13.212[4]; 7. 40B-Kylar Bronson, 00:13.250[7]; 8. 18-Robert Chapman, 00:13.286[6]
Senior Champ Dirt Karts
Qualifying 1:
Yamaha Open
A Feature 1: 1. 22-Todd Chavous[2]; 2. 11-James Henshaw[3]; 3. 17P-Dustin Parsons[1]; 4. 8G-Garrett Mitchell[4]; 5. 54-Ronnie Gallups[7]; 6. 755-Joey Cordova[6]; 7. (DNS) 47-Wesley Rossi
Qualifying 1: 1. 17P-Dustin Parsons, 00:13.534[2]; 2. 22-Todd Chavous, 00:13.563[1]; 3. 11-James Henshaw, 00:13.574[4]; 4. 8G-Garrett Mitchell, 00:13.643[3]; 5. 47-Wesley Rossi, 00:13.817[5]; 6. 755-Joey Cordova, 00:14.222[6]; 7. (DQ) 54-Ronnie Gallups, 00:13.206[7]
Rookie Class
A Feature 1: 1. 91-Jamie Green[1]; 2. 06-Brantley Arrowood[2]; 3. 1F-Frank Adams[3]; 4. 39-Kinsley Smith[4]; 5. 3-Layton Parsons[5]
Qualifying 1: 1. 91-Jamie Green, 00:14.787[5]; 2. 06-Brantley Arrowood, 00:15.097[3]; 3. 1F-Frank Adams, 00:15.185[2]; 4. 39-Kinsley Smith, 00:15.623[1]; 5. 3-Layton Parsons, 00:17.959[4]
Junior Class
A Feature 1: 1. 91-Jamie Green[3]; 2. 06-Brantley Arrowood[2]; 3. 1F-Frank Adams[4]; 4. 39-Kinsley Smith[1]; 5. 3-Layton Parsons[5]
Qualifying 1: 1. 39-Kinsley Smith, 00:14.649[3]; 2. 06-Brantley Arrowood, 00:14.809[2]; 3. 91-Jamie Green, 00:14.850[1]; 4. 1F-Frank Adams, 00:15.246[5]; 5. 3-Layton Parsons, 00:16.216[4]
Cage Stock Animal
A Feature 1 (15 Laps): 1. 81-Ryan Rostel[1]; 2. 95-Wesley Lee[3]; 3. 8-Ryan Rostel sr[2]
Qualifying 1: 1. 81-Ryan Rostel, 00:14.489[1]; 2. 8-Ryan Rostel sr, 00:15.037[3]; 3. (DNS) 95-Wesley Lee
Flat Adult Clone
A Feature 1: 1. 11-James Henshaw[1]; 2. 22-Todd Chavous[2]; 3. 8G-Garrett Mitchell[5]; 4. 4X-Michael Fish[4]; 5. 755-Joey Cordova[3]
Qualifying 1: 1. 11-James Henshaw, 00:13.709[5]; 2. 22-Todd Chavous, 00:14.259[3]; 3. 755-Joey Cordova, 00:14.260[2]; 4. 4X-Michael Fish, 00:14.310[1]; 5. 8G-Garrett Mitchell, 00:15.113[4]
Adult Open
A Feature 1: 1. 47-Wesley Rossi[1]; 2. 17-Eric Simpson[2]; 3. 54-Ronnie Gallups[5]; 4. 113-Jeffery Davis[9]; 5. 17P-Dustin Parsons[4]; 6. 32-Jimmy Flynn[3]; 7. 11-James Henshaw[6]; 8. 9-Mark Yarbrough[8]; 9. 95-Wesley Lee[7]
Qualifying 1: 1. 47-Wesley Rossi, 00:12.985[7]; 2. 17-Eric Simpson, 00:13.021[2]; 3. 32-Jimmy Flynn, 00:13.087[9]; 4. 17P-Dustin Parsons, 00:13.092[3]; 5. 54-Ronnie Gallups, 00:13.205[6]; 6. 11-James Henshaw, 00:13.220[5]; 7. 95-Wesley Lee, 00:13.370[8]; 8. 9-Mark Yarbrough, 00:13.543[1]; 9. 113-Jeffery Davis, 00:13.679[4]
Clone Lite Dirt Karts
A Feature 1: 1. 03-Chad Cunningham[1]; 2. 22-Luke Nolan[2]; 3. 113-Jeffery Davis[5]; 4. 12-Chad Thrift[4]; 5. 101-Dustin Snider[3]
Qualifying 1: 1. 03-Chad Cunningham, 00:12.897[5]; 2. 22-Luke Nolan, 00:13.218[4]; 3. 101-Dustin Snider, 00:13.468[3]; 4. 12-Chad Thrift, 00:13.542[1]; 5. 113-Jeffery Davis, 00:13.945[2]
Kid Karts Dirt
A Feature 1: 1. 128-Brynlee Hutto[1]; 2. 32-Elaina Flynn[4]; 3. 501-Cash Fitzgerald[3]; 4. 581-Cash Carter[2]; 5. 44-Myles Taylor[6]; 6. 5-Ace Albertie[5]
Heat 1 (3 Laps): 1. 128-Brynlee Hutto[2]; 2. 581-Cash Carter[3]; 3. 501-Cash Fitzgerald[1]; 4. 32-Elaina Flynn[5]; 5. 5-Ace Albertie[4]; 6. 44-Myles Taylor[6]
Predator Maxxis
A Feature 1: 1. 03T-Trevor Cobb[1]; 2. 15-Tyler Pugh[4]; 3. 108-Breone Albertie[2]; 4. 10-Holt Pipkin[3]
Qualifying 1: 1. 03T-Trevor Cobb, 00:13.930[1]; 2. 108-Breone Albertie, 00:15.274[2]; 3. 10-Holt Pipkin, 00:18.501[4]; 4. 15-Tyler Pugh, 00:18.790[3]
Predator Hoosier
A Feature 1: 1. 03T-Trevor Cobb[1]; 2. 108-Breone Albertie[3]; 3. (DNS) 15-Tyler Pugh; 4. (DNS) 51-Holt Pipkin
Qualifying 1: 1. 03T-Trevor Cobb, 00:13.449[3]; 2. 15-Tyler Pugh, 00:14.018[2]; 3. 108-Breone Albertie, 00:15.372[4]; 4. (DNS) 51-Holt Pipkin
Junior Open
A Feature 1: 1. 91-Jamie Green[1]; 2. 1F-Frank Adams[3]; 3. 06-Brantley Arrowood[4]; 4. 3-Layton Parsons[5]; 5. 39-Kinsley Smith[2]
Qualifying 1: 1. 91-Jamie Green, 00:14.482[2]; 2. 39-Kinsley Smith, 00:14.499[1]; 3. 1F-Frank Adams, 00:14.891[3]; 4. 06-Brantley Arrowood, 00:15.042[5]; 5. 3-Layton Parsons, 00:16.291[4]